Over the years, the EU has developed clear membership requirements for
countries desiring to enter the Union. Today these requirements also
include meeting certain standards in the areas of anti-corruption and
good governance. Although the candidate and potential candidate
countries are required to ‘make progress’ in these areas, so far there
have been no clear standardised baselines that would allow their
progress (or regress) to be monitored.
In this regard, Transparency International has developed the Comparative
Indicator-based Monitoring of Anti-corruption Progress initiative
(CIMAP), based on EU governance and anti-corruption membership
requirements, as well as general good practice standards in the field.
The initiative has been designed together with four partner countries –
Albania, Kosovo, FYR Macedonia and Turkey – and assessed three national
institutions in these countries: the judiciary, legislature and public
administration (the civil service).
The findings
reflect the current situation in each country and provide a baseline
and guide for advancing anti-corruption efforts that are consistent with
EU requirements and international good practice.
While the legal and regulatory frameworks are often in place,
implementation of anti-corruption laws and sanctioning of non-compliance
is lacking across all four countries. Low capacity and weak governance
in the judiciary, legislature and public administration help to explain
this gap between law and practice in each country.
Common problems that exist across the countries include:
- Low and inconsistent levels of access to information
- Ineffective application of asset disclosure requirements
- Absent or unimplemented codes of conduct
- Political interference in institutional responsibilities and operations
- Poor working conditions for judges, legislative staff and civil servants
The research methodology
for the CIMAP initiative has been developed in a way which allows
tracking and monitoring changes over time in the institutions and
countries included in the report. It is hoped that the study will be
conducted annually in candidate the potential candidate countries to
continually monitor progress.
Partner Organisations
Transparency International Albania, Albania
Kosova Democratic Institute (KDI),Kosovo
Transparency Zero Corruption Macedonia, FYR Macedonia
Şeffaflık Derneği, Turkey
Results
- The report has revealed cross-cutting problematic issues among the
participant countries, despite the differences in their institutional
set-up - In regard to the legal context, the area of public administration
has the highest scores, while legislature proved to be the weakest area - Standing out was the inadequacy between the existing legal
frameworks (to address corruption risks) and their implementation in
practice - Institutional capacity is heavily undermined by the prevalence of
poor working conditions and the frequent political interference - Other areas of great concern include access to information, the
existence and use of codes of conduct and asset disclosure policies - These shortfalls being common to all the four countries suggests
that institutional deficits are related to the lack of political will in
regard to the reform implementation
The full results for both countries and institutions are available in the format of research notebooks.
Read the report:
EU Anti-Corruption Requirements: Measuring Progress in Albania, Kosovo, FYR Macedonia, Turkey
Read an overview of indicators here
Research notebooks (in English):
| Albania | Turkey | Kosovo | FYR Macedonia |
National Reports (English)
| Albania | Turkey | Kosovo | FYR Macedonia |
| Judiciary | Judiciary | Judiciary | Judiciary |
| Legislature | Legislature | Legislature | |
| Public Administration | Public Administration | Public Administration |
National Reports (national languages)
| Albania | Turkey | Kosovo | FYR Macedonia |
| Judiciary | Judiciary | Judiciary | |
| Legislature | Legislature | Legislature | |
| Public Administration | Public Administration | Public Administration |
